Ovarian Cyst Treatment in Indore

An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac that forms on or within an ovary. The majority of ovarian cysts are benign- meaning non-cancerous-and appear as part of a normal menstrual cycle. These are usually referred to as functional cysts.

Ovarian Cysts: Types

Functional Cysts (Most Common)

Follicular cyst: This develops when a follicle (that releases an egg) does not rupture.

Corpus luteum cyst: This forms when the follicle closes after the release of an egg, then gets filled with fluid.

Less Common: Pathological Cysts

Dermoid cyst-mature cystic teratoma: Composed of tissue such as hair, fat, or even teeth.

Endometrioma: With the growth of uterine tissue on the ovaries, caused by endometriosis.

Cystadenoma: Arises from surface cells of the ovaries, with watery or mucous contents.

Polycystic ovaries: numerous small cysts as a result of hormonal imbalance, as in PCOS.

⚠️ Causes and Risk Factors

Hormonal imbalances, especially those of estrogen or progesterone

Pregnancy - a cyst can form early in pregnancy

Endometriosis

Pelvic infections extending to the ovaries

Previous ovarian cysts

Hypothyroidism in some cases

Symptoms

Many ovarian cysts do not cause any symptoms and are found incidentally. If symptoms do arise, they may include:

Pelvic pain: dull or sharp, usually on one side

Fullness or bloating of the abdomen

Irregular menstruation

Pain during intercourse

Nausea or breast tenderness

Frequent urination if the cyst presses on the bladder

Emergency symptoms (seek medical attention immediately):

Sudden, severe abdominal pain

Fever or vomiting

Shortness of breath, lightheadedness, or weakness: these are symptoms of cyst rupture or ovarian torsion

Diagnosis

Doctors apply a combination of:

Pelvic examination

Ultrasound (transvaginal or abdominal) - to determine size, shape, and type of cyst

Blood tests (e.g., CA-125) - to rule out malignancy especially in post-menopausal women

Pregnancy test - to exclude ectopic pregnancy

CT/MRI (if more detail is needed)

Treatment

Treatment depends on cyst size, type, and symptoms:

Watchful waiting:

Many cysts, especially the functional types, resolve on their own within a few months.

Medication:

Hormonal birth control pills can prevent the formation of new cysts but will not shrink existing ones.

Pain medications, such as NSAIDs, for comfort

Surgery:

Cystectomy: The removal of the cyst while preserving the ovary.

Oophorectomy: Removing the affected ovary, when necessary.

Indicated when cysts are large (>5–10 cm), persistent, symptomatic, or suspicious for cancer.

Prevention and Self-Care Tips

While ovarian cysts cannot always be prevented, the following measures can help reduce risk or detect problems early:

Routine pelvic examinations:

It helps in the identification of cysts before complications arise.

Record menstrual cycles:

Report peculiarities or persistent discomfort to your doctor.

Control hormonal balance:

Consider, under medical advice, hormonal birth control if one is prone to functional cysts.

Live a healthy lifestyle:

A proper, healthy diet including exercise and stress management supports hormone health.

Treat any underlying conditions:

Optimal management of PCOS, endometriosis, and thyroid disorders reduces the risk of cysts.

Forecasting Most ovarian cysts are benign and resolve spontaneously. However, persistent or complex cysts require evaluation to rule out malignancy, especially after menopause.